This indicates the node is synchronized to an upstream source using a highly precise time- synchronization protocol such as PTP, or has built-in GNSS. UTC time is accurate to ± 10 μs.
This indicates the node is synchronized to an upstream source using high resolution time- synchronization protocol such as NTP, or has built-in GNSS with some amount of jitter applying its GNSS timestamp. UTC Time is accurate to ± 50 ms.
This indicates the node was synchronized to an upstream source in the past, but sufficient clock drift has occurred such that the clock error is now > 5 seconds.
This indicates that the node is not currently synchronized with a UTC Time source and its clock is based on the Last Known Good UTC Time only.
This indicates the node is synchronized to an upstream source using a low resolution protocol. UTC Time is accurate to ± 5 seconds.
See
MatterSpecification.v13.Core § 11.17.6.1